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  • The peril in the air / The Peps Co.
  • Get into summer salads with Tesco : look out for recipe cards on the new prepared salads and in the Finest packs of cherry tomatoes on the vine, avocados and sweet pointed peppers / Tesco.
  • Get into summer salads with Tesco : look out for recipe cards on the new prepared salads and in the Finest packs of cherry tomatoes on the vine, avocados and sweet pointed peppers / Tesco.
  • Starting PEP within 72 hours of unsafe sex could keep you negative / GMFA, Gay Men Fighting AIDS.
  • Starting PEP within 72 hours of unsafe sex could keep you negative / GMFA, Gay Men Fighting AIDS.
  • Act fast and PEP can stop HIV / Terrence Higgins Trust ; funded by the Pan-London HIV Prevention Programme.
  • Act fast and PEP can stop HIV / Terrence Higgins Trust ; funded by the Pan-London HIV Prevention Programme.
  • Act fast and PEP can stop HIV / Terrence Higgins Trust ; funded by the Pan-London HIV Prevention Programme.
  • Act fast and PEP can stop HIV / Terrence Higgins Trust ; funded by the Pan-London HIV Prevention Programme.
  • Act fast and PEP can stop HIV / Terrence Higgins Trust ; funded by the Pan-London HIV Prevention Programme.
  • Capsicum annuum 'Masquerade' Distribution: Central and South America. This ‘domesticated species’ originated from Mexico (although the centre of Capsicum evolution was much earlier and from Bolivia) and includes the bland salad peppers and the hot chilli peppers, of which capsaicin (sometimes called capsicain), from the lining of the inside of the chilli, is the main active ingredient. Chilli comes from the Aztec language of the Nahuatl people. It was reputedly introduced to Europe by Columbus in the mid-15th century, but was cultivated in Mexico since 4,000 BCE and used in cooking since 7,200 BCE. After its introduction to Europe, its cultivation very rapidly became world-wide. It appears first as a description (Bock, 1539) with the name teutschem Pfeffer. The first illustration, as Siliquastrum, appears in Historia Stirpes commentarii insignis (Fuchs, 1542). Fuchs did not realise it came from the Americas, as he identified it as a plant described by Pliny, Dioscorides and Avicenna and gave their uses of it. It appear in Dodoen's Cruydeboeck (1551) and Lyte's translation (1557) with the note that it is 'hot and drie in the third degree.' He recommended it for dressing meat, and noted that it 'warmeth the stomach' and was good for a sore throat, scrofula, and topically got rid of spots. Fuch's had reported these properties as being described by Avicenna, but what that plant was is unknown. Lindley (1838) wrote: 'It is employed in medicine, in combination with Cinchona in intermittent and lethargic affections, and also in atonic gout, dyspepsia accompanied by flatulence, tympanitis, paralysis etc. Its most valuable application appears however to be in cynanche maligna [=severe sore throat, with impending suffocation] and scarlatina maligna [=severe scarlet fever], used either as a gargle or administered internally.' However, its principal use medically has been in pain relief, applied locally for pain from muscle injury to post herpetic neuralgia. Capsaicin acts on the pain and heat sensing neurones to make them trigger the sensation of pain at body temperature. Repeated exposure to capsaicin depletes the neurotransmitter substance P that is used to perceive pain, so the relevant nerves no longer transmit the sensation of pain/heat from any cause. It is a banned substance in the equestrian events at the Olympics because of its ability to stop perception of pain. Capsaicin has been shown, experimentally, to kill cancer cells by attacking their mitochondria. Particular interest has concentrated on its ability to reduce the size of tumours of the pancreas and prostate. Various cultivars are used in cooking, and the strength (i.e. how hot they are) is measured in Scoville units. A standard chilli pepper used in England would be around 5,000 Scovilles, the hottest peppers are rated over one million Scoville units. Photographed in the Medicinal Garden of the Royal College of Physicians, London.
  • HIV : now there is a treatment that may prevent HIV infection after the virus has entered the body : PEP post exposure prophylaxis : treatment only works if started within 72 hours of exposure : 1 month course of anti-HIV medication ... / Terrence Higgins Trust.
  • Two men smiling facing forward with their arms wrapped around each other with the message 'My friend is HIV positive, I love him'; an advertisement for solidarity for gay and lesbians with HIV by the Coordinadora gai-lesbiana. Colour lithograph by Josep Bagà and Pep Àvila., ca. 1997.
  • HIV : now there is a treatment that may prevent HIV infection after the virus has entered the body : PEP post exposure prophylaxis : treatment only works if started within 72 hours of exposure : 1 month course of anti-HIV medication ... / Terrence Higgins Trust, developed as part of CHAPS.
  • Nepal; street cleaning in Kathmandu, 1986. In the mid-1980s, Kathmandu was a mix of medieval architecture and urban sprawl. Television was a late-comer to Nepal but by the 1980s, the skyline of urban areas had become peppered with television aerials. Copying western culture and values became fashionable, and drug addiction amongst the young increased significantly during the decade.
  • Fuchsia magellanica Lam. Onagraceae. Hardy fuchsia. Semi-hardy shrub. Distribution: Mountainous regions of Chile and Argentina where they are called 'Chilco' by the indigenous people, the Mapuche. The genus was discovered by Charles Plumier in Hispaniola in 1696/7, and named by him for Leonhart Fuchs (1501-1566), German Professor of Medicine, whose illustrated herbal, De Historia Stirpium (1542) attempted the identification of the plants in the Classical herbals. It also contained the first accounts of maize, Zea mays, and chilli peppers, Capsicum annuum, then recently introduced from Latin America. He was also the first person to publish an account and woodcuts of foxgloves, Digitalis purpurea and D. lutea. The book contains 500 descriptions and woodcuts of medicinal plants, arranged in alphabetical order, and relied heavily on the De Materia Medica (c. AD 70) of Dioscorides. He was a powerful influence on the herbals of Dodoens, and thence to Gerard, L’Escluse and Henry Lyte. A small quarto edition appeared in 1551, and a two volume facsimile of the 1542 edition with commentary and selected translations from the Latin was published by Stanford Press in 1999. The original woodcuts were passed from printer to printer and continued in use for 232 years (Schinz, 1774). Photographed in the Medicinal Garden of the Royal College of Physicians, London.
  • Cayenne jujubes / E.T. Prosser.
  • Would you rather be slicing chillies? / Birds Eye.
  • Would you rather be slicing chillies? / Birds Eye.
  • Chinese C18 woodcut: External eye - Sore on eyelid
  • Agriculture: kilns, plans and vertical sections. Engraving by W. Lowry, 1815, after J. Farey.
  • A man with a gun is standing behind a tree looking at a flock of sparrows on the ground. Coloured etching.
  • Saint Apollonia. Engraving by B.A. Nicolet, 1786, after G. Reni.
  • Five flowering plants, including pepperworts (Lepidium species) and candytuft (Iberis amara). Chromolithograph by W. Dickes & co., c. 1855.
  • A spreading pillwort plant (Pilularia species) with details of its sporocarp. Coloured engraving by J. Pass, c. 1825.
  • Porcelain fruit containing couple engaged in sexual foreplay
  • Porcelain fruit containing couple engaged in sexual foreplay
  • Porcelain fruit containing couple engaged in sexual foreplay
  • Porcelain fruit containing couple engaged in sexual foreplay
  • Porcelain fruit containing couple engaged in sexual foreplay